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#0183;#32;reclamation of coal mining sites on federal, nonfederal, and tribal lands in the United States. In addition to the requirements in SMCRA, coal mining operations may be subject to additional state and federal laws, such as permitting under the Clean Water Act.
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Surface Coal Mining and Reclamation. Surface coal mining involves disturbing overlying rock layers (overburden) to expose and extract coal reserves using the area mining method wherein the overburden above the uppermost coal seam and the innerburden between the lower coal seams are removed in parallel strips (pits) across the coalfield until the area is mined.
Environmental regulations for coal mining usually focus on protecting the watershed, but there''s also the often overlooked risk of the coal slide. Here is how researchers are preventing
Coal mining is only a temporary use of land, so it is vital that rehabilitation of land takes place once mining operations have stopped. In best practice a detailed rehabilitation or reclamation plan is designed and approved for each coal mine, covering the period from the start of operations until well after mining has finished.
Reclamation of land disturbed by mining for coal is now firmly established in most developed countries, on the scientific analysis of substrates, experimental determinations of amendment requirements and detailed planting and sowing regimes. As a result, land is restored to a wide range of afteruses.
Although coal mine reclamation is a required part of mining, it can yield great benefits over and above mere regulatory Office of Surface Mining Good Neighbor Award (Silver) Kentucky Department for Natural Resources Commissioners Award Kentucky Coal AssociationKentucky...
Reclamation of coal mines is often undervalued as a job creation tool, explains Kate French, lead author for the study, to Bryan Oates of Daily Yonder. Coal companies often talk about reclamation as a financial burden or legal obligation, but we see reclaiming land as a necessary investment in job creation in rural communities that have supported and worked for these same coal
A coal mining operation may be nominated for achievement in a specific aspect of reclamation, or for overall performance in meeting goals of the Surface Mining Law. Good Neighbor Award Winner Antelope, Cordero Rojo, and Spring Creek Mines Cloud Peak Energy holding a school group tour to promote understanding of the mining and reclamation process.
Abstract. Mining subsidence land reclamation was focused on stable land for the past 30 years in China. In eastern China, a relatively flat terrain and high groundwater table area, mining activities cause more than half of the subsided land submerged in water and the fertilized top soil was lost permanently, which leads to a low percentage of farmland reclamation and inevitably increases the
Lance N. Larson authored this 17 November 2020 CRS report: ''Reclamation of Coal Mining Operations Select Issues and Legislation''. Download CRS_Report_Rec_Coal_Mining_Ops_17Nov2020 Summary In the United States, coal mining operations supported economic growth and electrical power generation needs throughout the 20th century. Prior to the enactment of the Surface Mining...
COAL MINING RECLAMATION Bonding is a key feature of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA), which has regulated surface mining issues since its passage in 1977. Bonding is supposed to be a safeguard so that reclamation will be completed, even if a company to
Sep 29, 2020#183; The Excellence in Surface Coal Mining Reclamation Awards are presented to the coal mining companies that achieve the most exemplary coal mine reclamation in the nation. Past winners have demonstrated a commitment to sound mining practices and effective reclamation plans that enhanced the postmining use of the land.
The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) is the primary federal law that regulates the environmental effects of coal mining in the United States. It established permitting guidelines for existing and future coal mines as well as a trust fund to finance the reclamation of abandoned mines .
#0183;#32;Selfbonding, authorized in SMCRA, allows coal mining operators to demonstrate that they have sufficient corporate assets to complete site reclamation, without requiring cash or collateral upfront as in the case of surety or collateral bonds.
#0183;#32;SMCRA initiated an inventory of pre1977 mining sites, called Abandoned Mine Lands (AML), and established the AML Fund to pay for the longoverdue reclamation of these sites. To maintain the AML Fund, mining companies are required to pay a fee of 28cents on every ton of surfacemined coal, and 12cents on every ton of coal mined underground.
Coal Mine Reclamation coal deposits, such as at the proposed Chuitna Mine, occur beneath wetlands and streams. Dr. Margaret Palmer. Largescale crushing amp; screening amp; milling plants. Good Reclamation Coal Mining T11:11:10+00:00
As coal reserves in a mine are removed or become uneconomical to continue mining, reclamation activities will replace removed soil and/or substrate materials and revegetate the mine in an effort to (1) return it to as close to natural state as possible or (2) redesign landforms to allow improved human access to, or use of, an area.
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